The main factors that condition Variations of the orthoepic norm are: 1) social factors, 2) territorial factors, 3) stylistic factors. It should be emphasized, that the orthoepic norm is not constant and fixed for all centuries and generations. It is used by the most educated part of the population. It comprises the variants of pronunciation that exist in the language. The orthoepic norm of a language is the standard pronunciation adopted by native speakers as the right and proper way of speaking. Today all the English-speaking nations have there own national variants of pronunciation and each has peculiar features that distinguish it from other varieties of English. Standard national pronunciation is sometimes called an вЂњorthoepic normвЂќ. A standard pronunciation is defined as вЂњa socially accepted variety of a language established by a codified norm of correctnessвЂќ. It is common knowledge that the literary spoken form has its national pronunciation standard. In British English three main regional types of pronunciation are distinguished: Southern, Northern and Scottish. Dialects have some peculiarities in pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar but all dialects have more features in common, so they are varieties of the same language.Дue to mass media, the increased mobility of the population, concentration of the population in the Cities, dialectal differences are becoming less marked.ДЄmong the most well-known dialects one should mention Cockney (spoken by the less educated part of Londoners), Geordie (heard in Newcastle), Scouse (the Liverpool dialect), Cornish (dialect in Cornwall) and others.Дialect speakers are, as a rule, the less educated part of the population.Д«esides, in present day English the number of local dialects is being reduced to a fewer, more or less general, regional types. Therefore, there are local dialects and social dialects. Pronunciation is also socially influenced.Дialects are the varieties that are spoken by socially limited number of people and used in certain localities. The pronunciation of almost every locality in Great Britain has features that distinguish it from the pronunciation of other localities.

English-based pronunciation standarts of English.

English Vowels as Units of the Phonological System.

Chronological divisions of the history of English.

BRITISH AND AMERICAN PRONUNCIATION MODELS.

Basic types of prosodic contours in English.

Basic Changes in the Development of the English Verb System.

ARTICULATORY CLASSIFICATION OF ENGLISH CONSONANTS.

Articulatory and physiological classification of English consonants according to the following pronounles:.

VARIETIES OF ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION Р§РёС‚Р°Р№С‚Рµ С‚Р°РєР¶Рµ:

British English Pronunciation Rules Pdf